моим родителям, Мине и Монти Бисселл, и моему брату Ахрашу Бисселу.

Примечания

Предисловие

1. M.E. Schmidt and E.A. Vandewater, “Media and Attention, Cognition and School Achievement,” in Children and Electronic Media, vol. 18, Future of Children 1 (Princeton, NJ: Brookings Institute, 2008), 77.

2. V.J. Rideout, U.G. Foehr, and D.F. Roberts, Generation M2: Media in the Lives of 8-18 Year-Olds (Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation, 2010).

3. Stephanie Mlot, “Smartphone Adoption Rate Fastest in Tech History,” PC Magazine, August 27, 2012, http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2408960, 00.asp.

4. „InternetGrowthStatistics,”InternetWorldStats,2014,http://www.internetworld stats.com.

5. NPD Group, “Internet Connected Devices Surpass Half a Billion in U.S. Homes, According to The NPD Group,” March 18, 2013, https://www.npd .com/wps/portal/npd/us/news/press-releases/internet-connected-devices -surpass-half-a-billion-in-u-s-homes-according-to-the-npd-group/.

6. Common Sense Media, “Zero to Eight: Children’s Media Use in America,” October 28, 2013, http://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/ zero-to-eight-childrens-media-use-in-america-2013.

7. Karl Fisch, and modified by Scott McLeod, Did You Know: Best of Shift Happens, 2010, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jp_oyHY5bug.

8. Ibid.

Глава 1

1. Elizabeth Gilbert, “In Defense of Teenagers,” Facebook post, January 22, 2015.

2. Entertainment Software Association, Essential Facts About the Computer and Video Game Industry, 2014.

3. J. Mazel, “The 50 Best Selling Video Games of the 1990s Worldwide,” 2009, http://www.vgchartz.com/article/4145/the-50-best-selling-videogames-of -the-1990s-worldwide/.

4. APA, Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls (APA, 2010).

5. K.M Thompson and F. Yokata, “Violence, Sex and Profanity in Films: Correlation of Movie Ratings with Content,” Medscape General Medicine 6 (2004).

6. C. Sabina, J. Wolak, and D. Finkelhor, “The Nature and Dynamics of Internet Pornography Exposure for Youth,” Cyberpsychology and Behavior 11 (2008).

7. L.D. Johnston et al., Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975—2013 (University of Michigan: National Institute on Drug Abuse at the National Institutes of Health, 2013).

8. Trends in the Prevalence of Sexual Behaviors and HIV Testing, 1991—2013 (CDC, 2014), http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/yrbs/pdf/trends/us_sexual_trend _yrbs.pdf.

9. Youth Violence: National Statistics (CDC, 2013), http://www.cdc.gov/violence prevention/youthviolence/stats_at-a_glance/vca_temp-trends.html.

10. FBI, “Uniform Crime Report,” 2014, http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ ucr/ucr-publications#Hate.

11. J. McCarthy, “Same-Sex Marriage Support Reaches New High at 55%,” Gallup (May 2014), http://www.gallup.com/poll/169640/sex-marriage -support-reaches-new-high.aspx.

12. “CNN/ORC Poll,” 2012, http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2012/images/04/ 16/rel4b.pdf.

13. M. Prensky, “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants,” On the Horizon 9, no. 1 (2001): 1-6.

14. L. Plowman and J. McPake, “Seven Myths About Young Children and Technology,” Childhood Education, February 2013.

15. Entertainment Software Association, Essential Facts About the Computer and Video Game Industry, 2014.

16. Havas Worldwide, “The New Dynamics of Family,” 2015, http://www .slideshare.net/HavasWorldwide/the-new-dynamics-of-family.

17. M. Madden et al., Teens and Technology 2013, Pew Internet and American Life Project (Washington, DC: Pew Research Center).

18. D. Quinn, L. Chen, and M. Mulvenna, “Does Age Make a Difference in the Behavior of Online Social Network Users?,” IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things, and Cyber, Political and Social Computing, 2011.

19. “Broadband Technology Fact Sheet,” Pew Research Center, 2014, http:// www.pewinternet.org/fact-sheets/broadband-technology-fact-sheet/.

20. C. Steiner-Adair, The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationships in the Digital Age (New York: HarperCollins, 2013).

21. Parenting in the Age of Digital Technology: A National Survey (Northwestern University: Center on Media and Human Development, 2013).

22. “Intrusive Monitoring of Internet Use by Parents Actually Leads Adolescents to Increase Their Risky Online Behavior,” Science Daily, January 21, 2015, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150121093507.htm.

23. A. Duerager and S. Livingstone, “How Can Parents Support Children’s Internet Safety?,” EU Kids Online, February 2012, http://eprints.lse. ac.uk/42872/1/How%20can%20parents%20support%20children’s%20 internet%20safety(lsero).pdf.

24. J.J. Davies and D.A. Gentile, “Responses to Children’s Media Use in Families with and without Siblings: A Family Development Perspective,” Family Relations 61 (2012).

25. Havas Worldwide, “The New Dynamics of Family.”

Глава 2

1. M. Gentzkow and J.M. Shapiro, “Preschool Television Viewing and Adolescent Test Scores: Historical Evidence from the Coleman Study,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2008).

2. Policy Statement, Children, Adolescents, and the Media (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2013).

3. A. Bandura, D. Ross, and S. Ross, “Transmission of Aggression Through Imitation of Aggressive Models,” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 63 (1961).

4. J. Watson, Behaviorism (New Brunswick, NJ: The People’s Institute Publishing Company, 1924).

5. O. Pascalis, M. de Haan, and C.A. Nelson, “Is Face Processing Species- Specific During the First Year of Life?,” Science 296 (2002).

6. C. Moore and P.J. Dunham, eds., Joint Attention: Its Origins and Role in Development (Erlbaum, 1995).

7. M.B. Robb, R.A. Richert, and E. Wartella, “Just a Talking Book? Word Learning from Watching Baby Videos,” British Journal of Developmental Psychology 27 (2009): 27-45.

8. F.J. Zimmerman, D. A. Christakis, and A.N. Meltzoff, “Associations Between Media Viewing and Language Development in Children Under Age 2 Years,” The Journal of Pediatrics 151 (2007).

9. Robb, Richert, and Wartella, “Just a Talking Book?”

10. P.K. Kuhl, F.M. Tsao, and H.M. Liu, “Foreign-Language Experience in Infancy: Effects of Short-Term Exposure and Social Interaction on Phonetic Learning,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 100 (2003): 9096-9101.

11. L. Guernsey, Screentime: How Electronic Media–from Baby Videos to Educational Software—Affects Your Child (New York: Basic Books, 2011).

12. G.L. Troseth and J.S. DeLoache, “The Medium Can Obscure the Message: Young Children’s Understanding of Video,” Child 69 (1998): 950-65.

13. H. Hayne, J. Herbert, and G. Simcock, “Imitation from Television by 24- and 30-Month-Olds,” Developmental Science 6 (2003): 254-61.

14. A.R. Lauricella et al., “Contingent Computer Interactions for Young Children’s Object Retrieval Success,” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 31 (2010): 362-69.

15. G.A. Strouse and G.L. Troseth, “Supporting Toddlers’ Transfer of Word Learning from Video,” Cognitive Development 30 (2014).

16. S. Roseberry et al., “Live Action: Can Young Children Learn Verbs from Video?,” Child Development 80 (2009).

17. S. Roseberry, K. Hirch-Pasek, and R.M. Golinkoff, “Skype Me! Socially Contingent Interactions Help Toddlers Learn Language,” Child Development 85 (2014).

18. Davies and Gentile, “Responses to Children’s Media Use in Families with and without Siblings: A Family Development Perspective.”

19. M.E. Schmidt et al., “Television Viewing in Infancy and Child Cognition at 3 Years of Age in a US Cohort,” Pediatrics 123 (2009).

Глава 3

1. Gary Turk, “Look Up, “ YouTube video, posted by Gary Turk, April 25, 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7dLU6fk9QY.

2. Common Sense Media, Social Media, Social Life: How Teens