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University Medical Center, Chicago, quoted in Martica Heaner, “Snooze alarm takes its toll on nation”, New York Times, October 12, 2004, D8.

16

“An alarming bed”, Scientific American, October 1955, reprinted in Scientific American, October 2005, 16.

17

http://www.alumni.media.mit.edu/~nanda/projects/clocky.html.

18

Charles Czeisler, “Sleep: what happens when doctors do without it”, Medical Center Hour, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, March 1, 2006.

19

K. W. Wright et al., “Effects of sleep inertia on cognition”, Journal of the American Medical Association 295:2, 163 (2006).

20

Lavie et al., “It’s time you must wake up now”.

21

http://www.axonlabs.com/pr_sleepsmart.html.

22

Roenneberg et al., “Life between clocks”.

23

Jonathan Weiner, Time, Love, Memory (New York: Knopf, 1999), 190.

24

Michael Smolensky and Lynne Lamberg, The Body Clock Guide to Better Health (New York: Holt, 2000), 40–42.

25

Roenneberg et al., “Life between clocks”.

26

http://www.imp-muenchen.de/index.php?id=932.

27

C. Gale, “Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom – sleep patterns, health, and mortality”, British Medical Journal, December 19, 1998, E3 (col. 5).

28

H. P. A. Van Dongen, “Inter- and intra-individual differences in circadian phase”, Ph. D. thesis, Leiden University, Netherlands, ISBN 90–803851–2–3 (1998); H. P. A. Van Dongen and D. F. Dinges, “Circadian rhythms in fatigue, alertness, and performance”, in M. H. Kryger et al., Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 3rd ed. (Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 2000). См. также: J. F. Duffy et al., “Association of intrinsic circadian period with morningness-eveningness, usual wake time, and circadian phase”, Behavioral Neuroscience 115:4, 895–899 (2001).

29

Hans Van Dongen Q & A at http://www.upenn.edu/pennews/current/2004/092304/cover.html, retrieved March 17, 2005.

30

Jorge Luis Borges, “A New Refutation of Time”, Labyrinths (New York: Modern Library, 1983), 234.

31

Ezio Rosato and Charlambos P. Kyriacou, “Origins of circadian rhythmicity”, Journal of Biological Rhythms 17:6, 506–511 (2002); Russell Foster and Leon Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life (London: Profile Books, 2004), 157.

32

T. A. Wehr, “A ‘clock for all seasons’ in the human brain”, in R. M. Bujis et al., eds., Progress in Brain Research 111 (1996).

33

Foster and Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life, 11.

34

M. S. Freedman et al., “Regulation of mammalian circadian behavior by non-rod, non-cone, ocular photoreceptors”, Science 284, 502–504 (1999); D. M. Berson et al., “Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock”, Science 295, 1070–1073 (2002); I. Provencio “Photoreceptive net in the mammalian retina”, Nature 415, 493 (2002); S. Hattar et al., “Melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells: architecture, projections, and intrinsic photosensivity”, Science 295, 1065–1068 (2002); I. Provencio et al., “A novel human opsin in the inner retina”, Journal of Neuroscience 20, 600–605 (2000); R. G. Foster, “Bright blue times”, Nature 433, 698–699 (2005); Z. Melyan et al., “Addition of human melanopsin renders mammalian cells photoresponsive”, Nature 433, 741–745 (2005); D. M. Dacey et al., “Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN”, Nature 433, 749–751 (2005).

35

Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Circles”, in Essays and Poems (London: Everyman Paperback Classics, 1992), 147.

36

Имеется в виду температура тела, измеренная во рту. – Ред.

37

P. A. Mackowiak et al., “A critical appraisal of 98.6 degrees F, the upper limit of the normal body temperature, and other legacies of Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich”, Journal of the American Medical Association 268, 1578–1580 (1992).

38

Foster and Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life, 53–54.

39

Сайт Лаборатории Катрин Ривьер http://www.salk.edu/LABS/pbl-cr/02_Research.html, retrieved March 11, 2006.

40

Wehr, “A ‘clock for all seasons’ in the human brain”; T. Reilly et al., Biological Rhythms and Exercise (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), 50; Y. Watanabe et al., “Thousands of blood pressure and heart rate measurements at fixed clock hours may mislead”, Neuroendocrinology Letters 24:5, 339–340 (2003); D. A. Conroy et al., “Daily rhythm of cerebral blood flow velocity”, Journal of Circadian Rhythms 3:3, DOI: 10.1186/1740-3391-3-3 (2005); W. J. M. Hrushesky, “Timing is everything”, The Sciences, July/August 1994, 32–37; John Palmer, The Living Clock (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Foster and Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life, 10–21.

41

Foster and Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life, 71.

42

Foster and Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life, 11; Smolensky and Lamberg, The Body Clock Guide to Better Health, 5–12; Hrushesky, “Timing is everything”.

43

J. Arendt, “Biological rhythms: the science of chronobiology”, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 32, 27–35 (1998).

44

Супрахиазматические ядра – ядра серого вещества, расположенные над (лат. super) перекрестом (греч. chiasmos) зрительных нервов. – Ред.

45

P. L. Lowrey and J. S. Takahashi, “Mammalian circadian biology: elucidating genome-wide levels of temporal organization”, Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 5, 407–441 (2004).

46

S.-H. Yoo et al., “Period 2: luciferase real-time reporting of circadian dynamics reveals persistent circadian oscillations in mouse peripheral tissues”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101, 5339–5346 (2004).

47

S. Yamazaki et al., “Resetting central and peripheral circadian oscillators in transgenic rats”, Science 288, 682–685 (2000).

48

C. R. Jones et al., “Familial advanced sleep-phase syndrome: a short-period circadian rhythm variant in humans”, Nature Medicine 5:9, 1062 (1999); K. L. Toh et al., “An hPer2 phosphorylation site mutation in familial advanced sleep phase syndrome”, Science 291, 1040–1043 (2001).

49

Так называемого периодического часового гена. – Ред.

50

S. Archer et al., “A length polymorphism in the circadian clock gene Per3 is linked to delayed sleep phase syndrome and extreme diurnal preference”, Sleep 26:4, 413–415 (2003).

51

D. Katzenberg, “A clock polymorphism associated with human diurnal preference”, Sleep 21:6, 568–576 (1998).

52

C. M. Singer and A. J. Lewy, “Does our DNA determine when we sleep?”, Nature Medicine 5, 983 (1999).

53

Till Roenneberg, “A marker for the end of adolescence”, Current Biology 14:24, R1038–1039 (2004).

54

Интервью с Тиллом Рённебергом, 8 сентября 2006 года; Roenneberg et al., “Life between clocks”.

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