№ 643. P. 608.

568

Hill B. A Refuge from Men. P. 128.

569

Henriques U. R. Q. The Rise and Decline of the Separate System of Prison Discipline // Past & Present. 1972. № 54. P. 62.

570

Cajani L. Surveillance and Redemption: The Casa di Correzione of San Michel a Ripa in Rome // Institutions of Confinement: Hospitals, Asylums, and Prisons in Western Europe and North America, 1500–1950 / Eds N. Finzsch, R. Jütte. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. P. 301–318; O’Donnell I. Prisoners, Solitude, and Time. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 5–6; Ignatieff M. A Just Measure of Pain. L.: Macmillan, 1978. P. 53.

571

Howard J. The State of the Prisons in England and Wales. Warrington: William Eyres, 1777. P. 119, 123.

572

Ibid. P. 43.

573

Hanway J. Solitude in Imprisonment. L.: J. Bew, 1776. P. 4.

574

Ibid.

575

Ibid. P. 70–71.

576

Ibid. P. 44. О пенитенциарной теории Хэнуэя см.: McGowan R. The Well-Ordered Prison: England, 1780–1865 // The Oxford History of the Prison: The Practice of Punishment in Western Society / Eds N. Morris, D. J. Rothman. N. Y.: Oxford University Press, 1995. P. 86.

577

Hanway J. Distributive Justice and Mercy. L.: J. Dodsley, 1781. P. 102–103. О христианской вере самого Хэнуэя см.: Hutchins J. H. Jonas Hanway 1712–1786. L.: SPCK, 1940. P. 11.

578

Hanway J. Solitude in Imprisonment. P. 102–103.

579

Ignatieff M. A Just Measure of Pain. P. 78.

580

Hanway J. Solitude in Imprisonment. P. 104.

581

Beaumont G. de, Tocqueville A. de. On the Penitentiary System in the United States / Transl. F. Lieber [1833]. N. Y.: Augustus M. Kelley, 1970. P. 5.

582

См., например: Simpson W. Solitary Confinement and the Silent System // The Lancet. 1840. Vol. 40. № 2. P. 370.

583

[Ferguson R.] Reports of the Commissioners for Pentonville Prison // Quarterly Review. 1847. Vol. 82. № 163. P. 181. Об обернском эксперименте см.: O’Donnell I. Prisoners, Solitude, and Time. P. 8–9.

584

О тоне дебатов по обе стороны Атлантики см.: Howe S. G. An Essay on Separate and Congregate Systems of Prison Discipline. Boston: William D. Ticknor, 1846. P. 8; Chesterton G. L. Revelations of Prison Life. 2 vols. L.: Hurst and Blackett, 1856. Vol. 1. P. 320.

585

The New Regulations for Prisons in England and Wales. L.: Shaw & Sons, 1843. P. 40. Этот устав, впервые изданный в 1840 году, был призван обеспечить последовательное соблюдение местными тюрьмами соответствующей практики в исправительных учреждениях для осужденных.

586

Vyvyan R., Sir. A Letter from Sir Richard Vyvyan, Bt, MP to the Magistrates of Berkshire, on their Newly-Established Practice of Consigning Prisoners to Solitary Confinement before Trial. L.: Ridgway, 1845. P. 9.

587

Mayhew H., Binny J. The Criminal Prisons of London and Scenes of Prison Life. L.: Charles Griffin, 1862. P. 103.

588

Их обязанности были изложены в современных правилах. См.: Regulations for Prisons in England and Wales. L.: W. Clowes & Sons, 1840. P. 40–43; Rules for the Government of Pentonville Prison. L.: W. Clowes, 1842. P. 46–49. См. также: Henriques U. R. Q. The Rise and Decline of the Separate System of Prison Discipline. P. 78; Davie N. «Nothing Kept Back, Nothing Exaggerated»: Piety, Penology and Conflict: Joseph Kingsmill, Prison Chaplain (1842–1860) // Law, Crime and Deviance since 1700 / Eds A.-M. Kilday, D. Nash. L.: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. P. 276.

589

Crone R. Illiterate Inmates: Educating Criminals in 19th-Century England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, <forthcoming>.

590

Sixth Report of the Commissioners for the Government of the Pentonville Prison, PP 1847–1848, XXXIV, 29.

591

Beaumont G. de, Tocqueville A. de. On the Penitentiary System in the United States. P. 51.

592

Ibid. P. 93.

593

Clay W. L. The Prison Chaplain: A Memoir of the Rev. John Clay, B. D. Cambridge: Macmillan, 1861. P. 301.

594

Extracts from the Second Report of [William Crawford and Whitworth Russell Esqs,] the Inspectors of Prisons for the Home District. L.: W. Clowes & Sons, 1837. P. 27.

595

Davie N. «Nothing Kept Back, Nothing Exaggerated». P. 273.

596

Stockdale E. A Short History of Prison Inspection in England // The British Journal of Criminology. 1983. Vol. 23. № 3. P. 214–216. В Ирландии инспекция уже была.

597

Dickens Ch. American Notes [1842]. L.: Penguin, 2004. P. 111. [Диккенс Ч. Американские заметки / Пер. Т. Кудрявцевой // Диккенс Ч. Собр. соч.: В 30 т. Т. 9. М.: Гос. изд. худ. лит., 1958. С. 125.]

598

Ibid. P. 111. [Там же.]

599

Ibid. P. 113. [Там же. С. 128.] О Диккенсе и тюрьмах см.: Vincent D. Social Reform // The Oxford Handbook of Charles Dickens / Eds R. L. Patten et al. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. P. 435–436.

600

Field J., Rev. Prison Discipline and the Advantages of the Separate System of Imprisonment. 2 vols. L.: Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans, 1848. Vol. 1. P. 105–108.

601