9. Plutarch, Themistocles, sec. 29, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 1, The Dryden Translation.

10. Thucydides, 1.138.4; Plutarch, Themistocles, sec. 31, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 1, The Dryden Translation.

11. Esther 2:12–16.

12. Herodotus, 9.585.

13. Brosius, p. 54.

14. Diodorus Siculus, 11.69.2–6.

15. J. M. Cook, Persian Empire, p. 127.

16. Thucydides, 1.103.2.

17. Ibid., 1.99.4.

18. Ibid., 1.99.1–2.

19. Pericles 13, Plutarch, in Greek Lives, p. 156.

20. Thucydides, 1.108.4.

21. Pomeroy et al., p. 251.

22. Thucydides, 1.45.3.

23. Ibid., 1.50.2.

24. Ibid., 2.7.1.

25. Ibid., 2.43.1.

26. Ibid., 2.49.2–8.

27. Thucydides, 2.4.

28. Thucydides, 2.52.2–3.

29. J. M. Cook, Persian Empire, p. 129.

30. Alcibiades 1–3, in Plutarch, Greek Lives.

31. Pomeroy et al., p. 306.

32. Buckley, p. 388.

33. Pomeroy et al., p. 309.

34. Thucydides, 7.51.1.

35. Ibid., 7.84.2–5, 85.1.

36. Aristophanes, Lysistrata (1912), p. 1.

37. Alcibiades 24, in Plutarch, Greek Lives.

38. Thucydides, 8.78.

39. Alcibiades 35, in Plutarch, Greek Lives.

40. Alcibiades 37, in Plutarch, Greek Lives.

41. Xenophon, Hellenica, 2.2.10, translated by Peter Krentz.

42. Waterfield, p. 209; Xenophon, Hellenica, 2.2.23; Victor Davis Hanson, in Thucydides, p. 549.

43. Waterfield, p. 210.

44. Athenian Constitution, in Rackham, Aristotle in 23 Volumes, vol. 20, p. 35.

ГЛАВА ШЕСТЬДЕСЯТ ШЕСТАЯ. ПЕРВОЕ РАЗГРАБЛЕНИЕ РИМА

1. Livy, Early History of Rome, 2.21.

2. Ibid., 2.24.

3. Mackay, p. 34.

4. Livy, Early History of Rome, 2.23.

5. Ibid., 2.32.

6. Ibid., 2.32.

7. Ibid., 3.35.

8. Ibid., 3–333.

9. Частично основано на: Oliver J. Thatcher, ed., The Library of Original Sources, vol. 3: The Roman World (1901), pp. 9–11.

10. Livy, Early History of Rome, 5.21.

11. Ibid., 5.32.

12. Ibid., 5.36.

13. Ibid., 5.38.

14. Ibid., 5.41.

15. Ibid., 5.47.

16. Cunliffe, pp. 21–22.

17. Livy, Early History of Rome, 5.55.

ГЛАВА ШЕСТЬДЕСЯТ СЕДЬМАЯ. ВОЗВЫШЕНИЕ ЦИНЬ

1. Ch’ien, p. 79.

2. Fairbank and Goldman, p. 54.

3. J. J. L. Duyvendak, trans., in his introduction to The Book of Lord Shang: A Classic of the Chinese School of Law (1928), p. 1.

4. Ch’ien, p. 108.

5. Cotterell, China, p. 53.

6. Shih chi 68, translated in Duyvendak, p. 14.

7. Ibid., p. 15.

8. Ibid., p. 16.

9. Shih chi 68, translated in Cotterell, China, p. 55.

10. Shu-Ching Lee, «Agrarianism and Social Upheaval in China», American Journal of Sociology 56:6 (1951), p. 513.

11. The Book of Lord Shang, translated by Duyvendak, p. 180.

12. Shih chi 68, in Duyvendak, p. 16.

13. Shih chi 68, in Cotterell, China, p. 57.

14. Shih chi 69, in Duyvendak, pp. 16–17.

15. Ibid., p. 17.

16. Ch’ien, p. 79.

17. Franz Michael, China Through the Ages: History of a Civilization (1986), p. 48.

18. Mencius, I.A.7.

19. Fairbank and Goldman, pp. 53–54.

20. Quoted in Michael, pp. 49–50.

21. «Giving Away a Throne», in The Complete Works ofChuang Tzu, translated by Burton Watson (1968), n.p.

22. «Discussion on Making All Things Equal», in Watson, The Complete Works ofChuang Tzu.

ГЛАВА ШЕСТЬДЕСЯТ ВОСЬМАЯ. МАКЕДОНСКИЕ ЗАВОЕВАТЕЛИ

1. Pomeroy et al., pp. 327–328.

2. Scene 1, in Aristophanes, The Birds and Other Plays, translated by David Barrett and Alan H.

Sommerstein (2003), p. 221.

3. Scene 3, Ibid., p. 257.

4. J. M. Cook, Persian Empire, p. 212.

5. Plutarch, Artaxerxes, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation.

6. Xenophon, The Persian Expedition (also known as Anabasis) 1.1, translated by Rex Warner (1972),

p. 56.

7. Эти подробности о Ктесии использованы Диодором Сицилийским, см. введение Джорджа Коквелла (George Cawkwell) к уорнеровскому переводу Ксенофонта: Xenophon, The Persian Expedition, p. 40.

8. Plutarch, Artaxerxes, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, p. 646.

9. Xenophon, The Persian Expedition, 1.4.

10. Ibid., pp. 86–87.

11. Ibid., 4.5.

12. Ibid., 4.7.

13. Plutarch, Artaxerxes, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, p. 658.

14. Clayton, pp. 201–202.

15. Hellenica, 5.19, in The Works of Xenophon, vol. 2, translated by H. G. Dakyns (1892).

16. Ibid., 5.23.

17. Clayton, p. 203.

18. J. M. Cook, Persian Empire, p. 48.

19. Panegyricus 50, in Isocrates, Isocrates II, translated by Terry L. Papillon (2004), p. 40.

20. Panegyricus 166, in Isocrates, p. 68.

21. Green, p. 14.

22. Ibid., p. 22.

23. Justin, The History, 7.5, in William Stearns Davis, ed., Readings in Ancient History, vol. 1 (Allyn and Bacon, 1912).

24. Green, pp. 23–24.

25. Alexander 6, in Plutarch, Greek Lives. 16. Alexander 3, in Plutarch, Greek Lives.

27. To Philip 15–16, Isocrates, p. 78.