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Считается, что анафилаксия затрагивает около 2 % населения: Gwen Smith, “Risk of Anaphylaxis Now 1 in 50 People,” AllergicLiving, http://www.allergicliving.com/2013/11/19/risk-of-anaphylaxis-now-1-in-50-people/
Выявлено 8 % респондентов: Robert Wood et al, “Anaphylaxis in America: The Prevalence and Characteristics of Anaphylaxis in the United States,” J Allergy Clin Immunol, February 2014. http://www.aafa.org/media/Anaphylaxis-in — America-JACI-Article-2014.pdf
В редких случаях анафилаксия: Robert Wood et al, “Anaphylaxis in America: The Prevalence and Characteristics of Anaphylaxis in the United States,” J Allergy Clin Immunol, February 2014. http://www.aafa.org/media/Anaphylaxis-in-America-JACI-Article-2014.pdf
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Люди с аллергией или астмой: “Anaphylaxis Risk Factors,” Mayo Clinic, January 16, 2013. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anaphylaxis/basics/risk-factors/con-20014324
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До 50 миллионов тучных клеток: J. Y. Niederkorn, ed., “Immune Response and the Eye”. Basel: Karger, 2007.
Пять из шести человек: “2005 Gallup Study of Allergies: Phase II Report.”
Более 20 % населения США: E. L. Bolling, “Is It Dry Eye, Allergy or Both?” Review of Optometry, September 2012. http://www.healthywomen.org/condition/ocular-allergies
Половина опрошенных женщин сообщили: “Eye Allergies Disrupt Daily Activities, Impact Performance and Appearance,” Johnson & Johnson, March 14, 2012. https://www.jnj.com/media-center/press-releases/eye-allergies-disrupt-daily-activities-impact-performance-and-appearance-survey-shows
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Лекарственными препаратами для лечения глазной аллергии являются: Warner Carr et al, “Treating Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Once-Daily Medication That Provides 24-Hour Symptom Relief,” Allergy Rhinol (Providence), Summer 2016, 7 (2): e107–e114. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/allergic-conjunctivitis-management H12817219
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ГПК является более острой формой: “Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis (GPC),” DoveMed, June 26, 2016. http://www.dovemed.com/giant-papillary-conjunctivitis-gpc/
Данное заболевание имеет тенденцию усиливаться: “Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis,” DoveMed, March 15, 2016. http://www.dovemed.com/atopic-keratoconjunctivitis-akc/
Три четверти пациентов с таким заболеванием: “Eye Allergy,” acaai.org, 2014. http://www.acaai.org/allergies/types/eye-allergies
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Синдром сухого глаза может быть вызван: Mohammad-Ali Javadi and Sepehr Feizi, “Dry Eye Syndrome,” J Ophthalmic Vis Res, July 2011, 6 (3): 192–198. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3306104/
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Аллергия может способствовать блефариту: Cheryl Guttman Krader, “Research Sheds Light on Posterior Blepharitis,” Ophthalmology Times, March 15, 2010. http://www.ophthalmologytimes.modernmedicine.com/ophthalmologytimes/news/modernmedicine/modern-medicine-feature-articles/research-sheds-light-posteri
Глава 5. Уличная и сезонная аллергия
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Примерно 20 % аллергиков: “Allergies, Nasal In-Depth Report,” The New York Times, 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/allergic-rhinitis/print.html
Исследователи объясняют природу проблемы: Betul Sin and Alkis Togias, “Pathophysiology of Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis,” Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 2011, 8 (1): 106–114.
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Назальные симптомы в конце сезона пыления: J. R. Bacon et al, “Priming of the Nasal Mucosa by Ragweed Extract or by an Irritant (Ammonia),” from the Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, JACI, February 1981, 67 (2): 11–116.
Исследование, проведенное Чикагским университетом: University of Chicago Medical Center, “Steroids More Effective Than Antihistamines When Used as Needed for Allergies,” Science Daily, November 27, 2001. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2001/11/011127004650.htm
Требуется примерно три сезона воздействия пыльцы: Richard deShazo and Stephen Kemp, “Allergic Rhinitis: Clinical Manifestations, Epidemiology, and Diagnosis,” uptodate.com, October 22, 2014.
Из-за изменения климата: “Warming Temperatures Drive Up Pollen Production and Allergies,” Union of Concerned Scientists. http://www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/impacts/warmer-temperatures-allergies.html.V9ckkyMrJUM
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Более 10 000 футов в воздухе: “Pollen and Environmental Allergies,” New York Allergy & Sinus Centers, http://www.advancedallergyny.com/pollen_allergies.php
Есть более тысячи разновидностей: “Pollen Allergy: What Is It?” medicinenet.com
Страница 99
В большей части Техаса: “ImmunoCAP Tree Pollens Allergens,” ThermoFisher Scientific, 2008. http://www.texasmonthly.com/the-culture/texas-primer-cedar-fever/
На западе и юге США: Pauline Arrillaga, “Arizona Desert Is No Oasis for Allergy Victims,” Los Angeles Times, October 10, 1999.
Страница 100
[КАРТА]: National Allergy Bureau, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, prepared by and courtesy of Richard Lankow, PhD, Director, Medical and Scientific Affairs Education, Aspen Bioscience LLC.
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[КАРТА]: USDA Plants Database, http://www.plants.usda.gov, prepared by and courtesy of Richard Lankow, PhD, Director, Medical and Scientific Affairs Education, Aspen Bioscience LLC
Страница 102
Мудрые решения: (From interview with author) Cody Fenwick, “Allergy Sufferers: New Treatments Provide Hope, Relief,” Patch.com, March 28, 2016. http://www.patch.com/us/across-america/spring-allergies-new-treatments-old-tips-0
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У врачей скорой помощи всегда так много вызовов: University of Georgia, “Thunderstorms Linked to Asthma Attacks,” Science Daily, July 2008. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080710131424.htm
В грозовом воздухе: Dr. Annie Arrey-Mensah, “What Is Thunderstorm Asthma?” AAIIMichigan.com. http://www.aaiimichigan.com/pdfs/ThunderstormAsthma.pdf
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Если вас все же ужалили: Know Your Insects [bulk of passage]: “Stinging Insect Allergy,” American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. http://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/allergy-library/stinging-insect-allergy
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Иммунотерапия ядами в настоящее время: D. B. Golden et al, “Regimens of Hymenoptera Venom Immunotherapy,” Ann Intern Med, 1980, 92 (5): 620.
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Это состояние, называемое синдромом Скитера: F. E. Simons and Z. Peng, “Skeeter Syndrome,” J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1999, 104 (3, part 1): 705.
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Для больших высот: F. Spieksma et al, “High Altitude and House Dust Mites,” Br Med J, 1971, 1: 82–84.
Глава 6. Среда в помещении
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В среднем от 80 до 90 % нашего времени проходит дома: https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/inside-story-guide-indoor-air-quality
Одно исследование показало, что более половины домов: P. J. Vojta et al, “The National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing,” Environmental Health Perspectives, May 2002, 110 (5): 527–532.
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К 2030 году: “Urban Population Growth,” World Health Organization, 2014. http://www.who.int/gho/urban_health/situation_trends/urban_population_growth_text/en/
Некоторые исследователи считают: G. D’Amato, “Environmental Urban Factors (Air Pollution and Allergens) and the Rising Trends in Allergic Respiratory Diseases,” Allergy, 2002, 57 (Suppl. 72): 30–33.
Европейское исследование 2012 года: Chiara Ziello, “Changes to Airborne Pollen Counts Across Europe,” PLoS ONE, April 13, 2012, 7 (4): e34076.
Маленькие дети, от младенцев: H. Y. Kim et al, “Determinants of Sensitization to Allergen in Infants and Young Children,” Korean J Pediatrics, May 2014, 57 (5): 205–210.
Критическим периодом для развития чувствительности к аллергенам: P. G. Holt et al, “The Role of Allergy in the Development of Asthma,” Nature, 1999, 402 (Suppl.)
Чувствительность к одному аллергену: Elizabeth Matsui et al, “Asthma in the Inner City and the Indoor Environment,” Immunol Allergy Clin N Am, 2008. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/pulmonary/research/adherence_research/document_links/matsui_hansel_mccormack.pdf
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Тем не менее эти новые здания спроектированы: D. Norback et al, “Indoor Air Quality and Personal Factors Related to the Sick Building Syndrome,” Scand J Work Environ Health, 1990, 16: 121–128.
У тех, кто живет на фермах: Moises Velazquez-Manoff, “A Cure for the Allergy Epidemic?” The New York Times, November 9, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/10/opinion/sunday/a-cure-for-the-allergy-epidemic.html
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Подушка, которой вы пользовались: T. J. Kemp et al, “House Dust Mite Allergens in Pillows,” BMJ, 1996, 313: 91. Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet.
После пятнадцати минут взбалтывания: J. A. Meadows, “Allergy Avoidance — Dust Mites.” J. Portnoy et al, Joint Taskforce on Practice Parameters Workgroup, “Environmental Assessment and Exposure Control of Dust Mites: A Practice Parameter,” Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, December 2013, 111 (6): 465–507.
Поскольку частицы аллергенов от кошек и собак: “Dog Dander,” Thermo Scientific, 2012. http://www.phadia.com/fr/5/Produits/ImmunoCAP-Allergens/Epidermals-and-Animal-Proteins/Allergens/Dog-dander/
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Пыль никогда не дремлет: E. J. Popplewell, “The Effect of High-Efficiency and Standard Vacuum Cleaners on Mite, Cat and Dog Allergen Levels and Clinical Progress,” Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2000, 11 (3): 142.
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Поролоновые/набитые наполнителем игрушки: C. F. Chang et al, “Effect of Freezing, Hot Tumble Drying and Washing with Eucalyptus Oil on House Dust Mites in Soft