M. Meyer et al. “A High-Coverage Genome Sequence from an Archaic Denisovan Individual”, Science 338 (2012): 222–226.

20 S. Mallick et al. “The Simons Genome Diversity Project: 300 Genomes from 142 Diverse Populations”, Nature 538 (2016): 201–206.

21 Q. Fu et al. “Genome Sequence of a 45,000-Year-Old Modern Human from Western Siberia”, Nature 514 (2014): 445–449; S. Sankararaman, S. Mallick, N. Patterson, D. Reich. “The Combined Landscape of Denisovan and Neanderthal Ancestry in PresentDay Humans”, Current Biology 26 (2016): 1241–1247; P. Moorjani et al. “ A Genetic Method for Dating Ancient Genomes Provides a Direct Estimate of Human Generation Interval in the Last 45,000 Years”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 113 (2016): 5652–5627.

22 Mallick et al. “Simons Genome Diversity Project”; M. Lipson, D. Reich. “A Working Model of the Deep Relationships of Diverse Modern Human Genetic Lineages Outside of Africa”, Molecular Biology and Evolution 34 (2017): 889–902.

23 Mallick et al. “Simons Genome Diversity Project”; A. S. Malaspinas et al. “A Genomic History of Aboriginal Australia”, Nature 538 (2016): 207–214; L. Pagani et al. “Genomic Analyses Inform on Migration Events During the Peopling of Eurasia”, Nature 538 (2016): 238–242.

24 Hublin. “Modern Human Colonization of Western Eurasia”.

25 M. Raghavan et al. “Upper Palaeolithic Siberian Genome Reveals Dual Ancestry of Native Americans”, Nature (2013): doi: 10.1038/nature12736.

26 Hugo Pan-Asian SNP Consortium. “Mapping Human Genetic Diversity in Asia”, Science 326 (2009): 1541–45.

27 S. Ramachandran et al. “Support from the Relationship of Genetic and Geographic Distance in Human Populations for a Serial Founder Effect Originating in Africa”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 102 (2005): 15942–15947; B. M. Henn, L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, M. W. Feldman. “The Great Human Expansion”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 109 (2012): 17758–17764.

28 J. K. Pickrell, D. Reich. “Toward a New History and Geography of Human Genes Informed by Ancient DNA”, Trends in Genetics 30 (2014): 377–389.

29 Неопубликованные данные лаборатории Дэвида Райха.

30 V. Siska et al. “Genome-Wide Data from Two Early Neolithic East Asian Individuals Dating to 7700 Years Ago”, Science Advances 3 (2017): e1601877.

31 P. Bellwood. First Farmers: The Origins of Agricultural Societies (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).

32 J. Diamond, P. Bellwood. “Farmers and Their Languages: The First Expansions”, Science 300 (2003): 597–603.

33 S. Xu et al. “Genomic Dissection of Population Substructure of Han Chinese and Its Implication in Association Studies”, American Journal of Human Genetics 85 (2009): 762–774; J. M. Chen et al. “Genetic Structure of the Han Chinese Population Revealed by Genome-Wide SNP Variation”, American Journal of Human Genetics 85 (2009): 775–785.

34 B. Wen et al. “Genetic Evidence Supports Demic Diffusion of Han Culture”, Nature 431 (2004): 302–305.

35 F. H. Chen et al. “Agriculture Facilitated Permanent Human Occupation of the Tibetan Plateau After 3600 B.P.”, Science 347 (2015): 248–250.

36 Неопубликованные данные лаборатории Дэвида Райха.

37 T. A. Jinam et al. “Unique Characteristics of the Ainu Population in Northern Japan”, Journal of Human Genetics 60 (2015): 565–571.

38 Там же; P. R. Loh et al. “Inferring Admixture Histories of Human Populations Using Linkage Disequilibrium”, Genetics 193 (2013): 1233–1254.

39 Неопубликованные данные лаборатории Дэвида Райха; Bellwood, First Migrants.

40 Diamond, Bellwood. “Farmers and Their Languages”.

41 M. Lipson et al. “Reconstructing Austronesian Population History in Island Southeast Asia”, Nature Communications 5 (2014): 4689.

42 R. Blench. “Was There an Austroasiatic Presence in Island Southeast Asia Prior to the Austronesian Expansion?”, Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 30 (2010): 133–144.

43 Bellwood. First Migrants.

44 A. Crowther et al. “Ancient Crops Provide First Archaeological Signature of the Westward Austronesian Expansion”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 113 (2016): 6635–6640.

45 Lipson et al. “Reconstructing Austronesian Population History”.

46 A. Wollstein et al. “Demographic History of Oceania Inferred from Genome-Wide Data”, Current Biology 20 (2010): 1983–1992; M. Kayser. “The Human Genetic History of Oceania: Near and Remote Views of Dispersal”, Current Biology 20 (2010): R194–201; E. Matisoo-Smith. “Ancient DNA and the Human Settlement of the Pacific: A Review”, Journal of Human Evolution 79 (2015): 93– 104.

47 D. Reich et al. “Denisova Admixture and the First Modern Human Dispersals into Southeast Asia and Oceania”, American Journal of Human Genetics 89 (2011): 516–528; P. Skoglund et al. “Genomic Insights into the Peopling of the Southwest Pacific”, Nature 538 (2016): 510–513.

48 R. Pinhasi et al. “Optimal Ancient DNA Yields from the Inner Ear Part of the Human Petrous Bone”, PLoS One 10 (2015): e0129102.

49 Skoglund et al. “Genomic Insights”.

50 Там же.

51 Неопубликованные данные лабораторий Дэвида Райха и Йоханнеса Краузе.

52 Там же.

Глава 9. Африка снова включается в историю человечества

1 J. Lachance et al. “Evolutionary History and Adaptation from High-Coverage Whole-Genome Sequences of Diverse African Hunter-Gatherers”, Cell 150 (2012): 457–469.

2 V. Plagnol, J. D. Wall. “Possible Ancestral Structure in Human Populations”, PLoS Genetics 2 (2006): e105; J. D. Wall,

K. E. Lohmueller, V. Plagnol. “Detecting Ancient Admixture and Estimating Demographic Parameters in Multiple Human Populations”, Molecular Biology and Evolution 26 (2009): 1823–1827.

3 M. F. Hammer et al. “Genetic Evidence for Archaic Admix ture in Africa”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 108 (2011): 15123–15128.

4 K. Harvati et al. “The Later Stone Age Calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: Morphology and Chronology”, PLoS One 6 (2011): e24024; I. Crevecoeur, A. Brooks, I. Ribot, E. Cornelissen, and P. Semal. “The Late Stone Age Human Remains from Ishango (Democratic Republic of Congo): New Insights on Late Pleistocene Modern Human Diversity in Africa”, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 96 (2016): 35–57.

5 Неопубликованные данные лаборатории Дэвида Райха.