been living here for years.

They've already booked the tickets.

You've made a great impression.

I've heard that story before.

We've got to go now.

You've met her before.

You've made a mistake.

They’ve bought a new car.

I've forgotten to bring my keys.

hour –> [aʊr]

Чтение сокращений от are

Сокращения от are читаются, как если бы r поставили на конце слова:

You're [ju:ər] going there.

They're [ðeər] there.

We're [wi:ər] good.

Важное замечание.

При добавлении 're к концу слова с гласным звуком на конце, Вы фактически получаете слог с буквой R, который был рассмотрен в Модуле 4. А следовательно, и все виды редукции, которые доступны для таких буквосочетаний.

Поэтому you're может читаться уймой способов: [ju:ər], [jʊər], [jʊr], и даже [jər].

А что самое главное, конструкция you're часто будет переплетаться по звучанию со словом your в своих редукциях. Чтобы лучше это понять, я сделаю фокус:

you're –> youre –> your

Тоже самое касается they're и their. Здесь англоговорящие вообще не показывают разницы при разговоре. Фокус также работает:

they're –> theyre –> theyr –> their

Помните про редукцию, изучайте редукцию, слушайте редукцию. Особенно для таких частотных слов.

Чем скорее Вы поймете, как она работает в различных словах и конструкциях, тем легче будет осваивать чтение и говорение на английском.

Ex. 3. Прочтите предложения.

You’re going to love this city.

We’re planning a trip next month.

You’re always so kind to everyone.

We’re heading out in a few minutes.

They’re coming over for dinner tonight.

We’re all in this together.

You’re doing a fantastic job.

They’re studying for their exams.

They’re the best team in the league.

We’re almost finished with the project.

They’re very excited about the concert.

We’re meeting at the park later.

You’re going to enjoy the show.

They’re building [ɪ] a new house.

You’re invited to the party.

We’re waiting for the bus.

You’re such a talented artist.

They’re not sure about the plan.

They’re watching a movie right now.

We’re having pizza for dinner tonight.

We’re all excited for the holiday season.

They’re playing soccer [ˈsɒkər] in the park.

We’re going to the beach this weekend.

They’re working on a new project.

You’re looking great today!

You’re driving too fast!

They’re moving to a new city.

You’re always welcome to join us.

minutes –> [ˈmɪnɪts]

league –> [li:g]

pizza –> ['pi:tsə]

Чтение сокращений от had, would

Сокращения от had, would читаются просто, как буква d на конце слов:

I’d [aɪd] already eaten before you called.

(I had…)

We’d [wi:d] travel more if we had the money.

(We would…)

She’d [ʃi:d] liked the invitation.

Ex. 4. Прочтите предложения с сокращениями от had.

She’d planned the trip months in advance.

She’d finished the project by that time.

They’d gone home by the time I arrived.

I’d heard that story a hundred times.

We’d seen that movie before.

He’d forgotten his keys again.

You’d told me about it earlier.

They’d moved to the city years ago.

We’d visited that museum last summer.

museum –> [mu:'zi:əm]

Ex. 4.1. Прочтите предложения с сокращениями от would.

They’d help you if you asked.

I’d love to join you for dinner.

She’d go to the gym if she had time.

He’d buy the car if it were cheaper.

You’d enjoy that book; it’s fantastic.

They’d never believe what happened.

We’d love to see you this weekend.

I’d rather stay home tonight.

She’d be a great teacher.

were –> [wə:r]

believe –> [bə'li:v]

rather –> [ˈræðər]

Ex. 4.2. Прочтите предложения с сокращениями от had и would.

I’d like a cup of coffee.

He’d rather walk than drive.

She’d never been to Paris before.

We’d already left when the call came.

They’d better hurry, or they’ll be late.

You’d have a better chance if you tried.

She’d saved enough money for the trip.

I’d appreciate your help with this.

They’d seen him earlier that day.

He’d probably enjoy the concert.

Paris –> ['perɪs]

enough –> [ɪ'nʌf]

Чтение сокращений от will

Сокращение от will читается как буква l на конце:

I’ll –> [aɪl]

She’ll –> [ʃi:l]

He’ll –> [hi:l]

they'll –> [ðeɪl]

we'll –> [wi:l]

you'll –> [ju:l]

it'll –> ['ɪtəl]

Но и тут не обходится без редукции:

I’ll –> [al]

She’ll –> [ʃɪl]

He’ll –> [hɪl]

they'll –> [ðel]

we'll –> [wɪl]

you'll –> [jʊl], [jʌl]

Ex. 5. Прочтите предложения с сокращениями от will.

I’ll see you tomorrow.

She’ll call you later.

He’ll finish the report by tonight.

We’ll meet at the restaurant.

They’ll be here soon.

You’ll love this book.

I’ll help you with your homework.

She’ll arrive at 6.

He’ll take care of everything.

We’ll go to the park this weekend.

They’ll join us for dinner.

You’ll get a promotion if you work hard.

I’ll send you the email.

She’ll start the new job next week.

He’ll travel to Europe next month.

We’ll celebrate your birthday together.

They’ll move to a new house soon.

You’ll need to bring your ID.

I’ll make sure everything is ready.

She’ll explain it to you later.

He’ll bring the drinks for the party.

We’ll wait for you here.

They’ll catch the next train.

You’ll enjoy the show.

I’ll visit my parents this weekend.

She’ll bake a cake for the event.

He’ll work late to finish the task.

We’ll study together for the exam.

They’ll arrive in about 30 minutes.

You’ll find the answer in the book.

Чтение сокращений от not

Сокращение от not читаются просто, как буква t на конце слов.

can't [kænt] = cannot

aren't [ˈarənt] = are not

haven't [ˈhævənt] = have not

shouldn't [ˈʃʊdənt] = should not

wouldn't [ˈwʊdənt] = would not

couldn't [ˈkʊdənt] = could not

didn't [ˈdɪdənt] = did not

isn't [ˈɪzənt] = is not

weren't [ˈwə:rənt] = were not

wasn't [ˈwʌzənt] = was not

hadn't [ˈhædənt] = had not