between Factories and Small-Scale Manufacturing with Special References to Lebanese Silk and Egyptian Sugar, 1900–1930,» International Journal of Middle East Studies 16, no. 4 (1984): 480–481.

61 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 191.

62 Mildred Maddocks and Harvey Washington Wiley, The Pure Food Cook Book: The Good Housekeeping Recipes, Just How to Buy – Just How to Cook (New York: Hearst’s International Library, 1914), 3.

63 Merleaux, Sugar and Civilization, 133.

64 Weber, «Sugar Industry,» 410–417.

65 Leigh Binford, «Peasants and Petty Capitalists in Southern Oaxacan Sugar Cane Production and Processing, 1930–1980,» Journal of Latin American Studies 24, no. 1 (1992): 51–54; Manuel Moreno Fraginals, El ingenio: El complejo economico social cubano del azucar (Havana: Comisión Nacional Cubana de la UNESCO, 1964), 82.

66 John Richard Heath, «Peasants or Proletarians: Rural Labour in a Brazilian Plantation Economy,» Journal of Development Studies 17, no. 4 (1981): 278; Andrade, Land and People, 86.

67 Gonzalo Rodriguez et al., Panela Production as a Strategy for Diversifying Incomes in Rural Area of Latin America (Rome: United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, 2007), xvi, 10, 17.

68 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 86.

69 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 134–135; Leone Levi, On the Sugar Trade and Sugar Duties: A Lecture Delivered at King’s College, London, Feb. 29, 1864 (London: Effingham Wilson, 1864), 19–20.

70 Цит. по: Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 135.

71 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 136–137.

72 Alexander Burnes, Travels into Bokhara: Being the Account of a Journey from India to Cabool, Tartary and Persia… in the Years 1831, 1832, and 1833, 3 vols. (London: J. Murray, 1834), 1:44.

73 James Mylne, «Experiences of an European Zamindar (Landholder) in Behar,» Journal of the Society of Arts 30, no. 1538 (1882): 704.

74 Сведения, представленные в параграфе, приведены на основе источника: Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 138–142, и прил. I, 271.

75 J.W.Davidson, The Island of Formosa: Historical View from 1430 to 1900… (New York: Paragon Book Gallery, 1903), 450, 457. Очерк Уикхема Майерса приводится в источнике: Davidson, The Island of Formosa, 449–451.

76 Mylne, «Experiences of an European Zamindar,» 706.

77 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 146, 150, 205.

78 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 206.

79 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 206.

80 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 207–208.

81 Krishna Kumar Birla, Brushes with History (New Delhi: Penguin India, 2009), 594–595.

82 Bosma, The Sugar Plantation, 241–242.

83 «Background Study: Pakistan,» Proceedings of Fiji / FAO Asia Pacific Sugar Conference, Fiji, 29–31 October 1997, https://www.fao.org/3/X0513E/x0513e23.htm; M.S.Rahman, S.Khatun, and M.K.Rahman, «Sugarcane and Sugar Industry in Bangladesh: An Overview,» Sugar Tech 18, no. 6 (2016): 629.

84 Aashna Ahuja, «15 Jaggery (Gur) Benefits: Ever Wondered Why Our Elders End a Meal with Gur?» NDTV Food, August 24, 2018, https://food.ndtv.com/health/15-jaggery-benefits-ever-wondered-why-our-elders-end-a-meal-with-gur-1270883.

9. Американское сахарное королевство

1 Paul Leroy Vogt, The Sugar Refining Industry in the United States: Its Development and Present Condition (Philadelphia: Published for the University, 1908), 2.

2 J. Carlyle Sitterson, «Ante-Bellum Sugar Culture in the South Atlantic States,» Journal of Southern History 3, no. 2 (1937): 179, 181–182, 187.

3 Gordon Patterson, «Raising Cane and Refining Sugar: Florida Crystals and the Fame of Fellsmere,» Florida Historical Quarterly 75, no. 4 (1997): 412.

4 Lucy B. Wayne, Sweet Cane: The Architecture of the Sugar Works of East Florida (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010), 3, 38–39, 98, 147.

5 Eleanor C.Nordyke and Richard.C.Lee, The Chinese in Hawaii: A Historical and Demographic Perspective (Honolulu: East-West Center, 1990), 197; Carol A.MacLennan, Sovereign Sugar Industry and Environment in Hawaii (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2014), 85; Dorothy Burne Goebel, «The ‘New England Trade’ and the French West Indies, 1763–1774: A Study in Trade Policies,» William and Mary Quarterly 20, no. 3 (1963): 344; Markus A.Denzel, «Der seewärtige Einfuhrhandel Hamburgs nach den ‘Admiralitätsund Convoygeld-Einnahmebüchern’ (1733–1798): Für Hans Pohl zum 27. März 2015,» Vierteljahrschrift für Sozialund Wirtschaftsgeschichte 102, no. 2 (2015): 150. См.: Nathaniel Bowditch and Mary C. McHale, Early American-Philippine Trade: The Journal of Nathaniel Bowditch in Manila, 1796 (New Haven, CT: Yale University, Southeast Asia Studies / Cellar Book Shop, Detroit, 1962).

6 C.Y.Shephard, «The Sugar Industry of the British West Indies and British Guiana with Special Reference to Trinidad,» Economic Geography 5, no. 2 (1929): 151.

7 Sumner J.La Croix and Christopher Grandy, «The Political Instability of Reciprocal Trade and the Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom,» Journal of Economic History 57, no. 1 (1997): 172, 181.

8 La Croix and Grandy, «The Political Instability,» 182–183.

9 César J.Ayala and Laird W.Bergad, «Rural Puerto Rico in the Early Twentieth Century Reconsidered: Land and Society, 1899–1915,» Latin American Research Review 37, no. 2 (2002): 66–67.

10 April J.Mayes, The Mulatto Republic: Class, Race, and Dominican National Identity (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2015), 48–49.

11 Mark Schmitz, «The Transformation of the Southern Cane Sugar Sector: 1860–1930,» Agricultural History 53, no. 1 (1979): 284.

12 Herbert Myrick, Sugar: A New and Profitable Industry in the United States… (New York: Orange Judd, 1897), 1.

13 April Merleaux, Sugar and Civilization: American Empire and the Cultural Politics of Sweetness (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015), 33–38.

14 Merleaux, Sugar and Civilization, 36–37.

15 F.Schneider, «Sugar,» Foreign Affairs 4, no. 2 (1926): 320; Frank R.Rutter, «The Sugar Question in the United States,» Quarterly Journal of Economics 17, no. 1 (1902): 79.

16 См.: Sven Beckert, The Monied Metropolis: New York City and the Consolidation of the American Bourgeoisie, 1850–1896 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001).

17 Deborah Jean Warner, Sweet Stuff: An American History of Sweeteners from Sugar to Sucralose (Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press / Rowman and Littlefield, 2011), 8.

18 Christian Schnakenbourg, «La disparition des ‘habitation-sucreries’ en Guadeloupe (1848–1906): Recherche sur la désagrégation des structures préindustrielles de la production sucrière antillaise après l’abolition de l’eslavage,» Revue française d’Histoire d’Outre-Mer 74, no. 276 (1987): 288.

19 Warner, Sweet Stuff, 23; Alfred S. Eichner, The Emergence of Oligopoly: Sugar Refining as a Case Study (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press, 1969), 52–55.

20 Eichner, The Emergence of Oligopoly, 59, 65, 69, 72.

21